### Appendix A: Abbreviations

A | ABEDA | Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa
| ACC | Arab Cooperation Council
| ACCT | Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique; see Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation; changed name in 1996 to Agence de la francophonie or Agency for the French-speaking Community
| ACP | African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries
| AfDB | African Development Bank
| AFESD | Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development
| AG | Andean Group
| Air Pollution | Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution
| Air Pollution-Nitrogen | Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Oxides Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Their Transboundary Fluxes
| Air Pollution-Sulphur 85 | Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or Their Transboundary Fluxes by at Least 30%
| Air Pollution-Sulphur 94 | Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions
| Air Pollution-Volatile | Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Organic Compounds Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes
| AL | Arab League
| ALADI | Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion; see Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)
| AMF | Arab Monetary Fund
| AMU | Arab Maghreb Union
| Antarctic-Environmental Protocol | Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty
| ANZUS | Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty
| APEC | Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
| Arabsat | Arab Satellite Communications Organization
| AsDB | Asian Development Bank
| ASEAN | Association of Southeast Asian Nations
| Autodin | Automatic Digital Network
B | BAD | Banque Africaine de Developpement; see African Development Bank (AfDB)
| BADEA | Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique; see Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)
| BCIE | Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico; see Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)
| BDEAC | Banque de Developpment des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)
| Benelux | Benelux Economic Union
| BID | Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo; see Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
| Biodiversity | Convention on Biological Diversity
| BIS | Bank for International Settlements
| BOAD | Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement; see West African Development Bank (WADB)
| BSEC | Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone
C | C | Commonwealth
| CACM | Central American Common Market
| CAEU | Council of Arab Economic Unity
| Caricom | Caribbean Community and Common Market
| CB | Citizen's band mobile radio communications
| CBSS | Council of the Baltic Sea States
| CCC | Customs Cooperation Council
| CDB | Caribbean Development Bank
| CE | Council of Europe
| CEAO | Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest; see West African Economic Community (CEAO)
| CEEAC | Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)
| CEI | Central European Initiative
| CEMA | Council for Mutual Economic Assistance; also known as CMEA or Comecon
| CEPGL | Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs; see Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)
| CERN | Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire; see European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
| CG | Contadora Group
| c.i.f. | cost, insurance, and freight
| CIS | Commonwealth of Independent States
| CITES | see Endangered Species
| Climate Change | United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
| Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol | Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
| CMEA | Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as Comecon
| COCOM | Coordinating Committee on Export Controls
| Comecon | Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as CMEA
| Comsat | Communications Satellite Corporation
| CP | Colombo Plan
| CSCE | Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe; see Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
| CY | calendar year
D | DC | developed country
| Desertification | United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa
| DSN | Defense Switched Network
| DWT | deadweight ton
E | EADB | East African Development Bank
| EAPC | Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
| EBRD | European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
| EC | European Community; see European Union (EU)
| ECA | Economic Commission for Africa
| ECAFE | Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East; see Economic and Social for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
| ECE | Economic Commission for Europe
| ECLA | Economic Commission for Latin America; see Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
| ECLAC | Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
| ECO | Economic Cooperation Organization
| ECOSOC | Economic and Social Council
| ECOWAS | Economic Community of West African States
| ECSC | European Coal and Steel Community; see European Union (EU)
| ECWA | Economic Commission for Western Asia; see Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
| EEC | European Economic Community; see European Union (EU)
| EFTA | European Free Trade Association
| EIB | European Investment Bank
| EMU | European Monetary Union
| Endangered Species | Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)
| Entente | Council of the Entente
| Environmental Modification | Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques
| ESA | European Space Agency
| ESCAP | Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
| ESCWA | Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia
| est. | estimate
| EU | European Union
| Euratom | European Atomic Energy Community; see European Community (EC)
| Eutelsat | European Telecommunications Satellite Organization
| Ex-Im | Export-Import Bank of the United States
F | FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization
| FAX | facsimile
| f.o.b. | free on board
| FLS | Front Line States
| FRG | Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91
| FSU | former Soviet Union
| FY | fiscal year (FY93/94, for example, began in calendar year 1993 and ended in calendar year 1994)
| FYROM | The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
| FZ | Franc Zone
G | G-2 | Group of 2
| G-3 | Group of 3
| G-5 | Group of 5
| G-6 | Group of 6 (not to be confused with the Big Six)
| G-7 | Group of 7
| G-8 | Group of 8
| G-9 | Group of 9
| G-10 | Group of 10
| G-11 | Group of 11
| G-15 | Group of 15
| G-19 | Group of 19
| G-24 | Group of 24
| G-30 | Group of 30
| G-33 | Group of 33
| G-77 | Group of 77
| GATT | General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; subsumed by the World Trade Organization (WTrO) on 1 January 1995
| GCC | Gulf Cooperation Council
| GDP | gross domestic product
| GDR | German Democratic Republic (East Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91
| GNP | gross national product
| GRT | gross register ton
| GWP | gross world product
H | Hazardous Wastes | Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
| HF | high-frequency
I | IADB | Inter-American Development Bank
| IAEA | International Atomic Energy Agency
| IBEC | International Bank for Economic Cooperation
| IBRD | International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank)
| ICAO | International Civil Aviation Organization
| ICC | International Chamber of Commerce
| ICEM | Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM)
| ICFTU | International Confederation of Free Trade Unions; see World Confederation of Labor (WCL)
| ICJ | International Court of Justice
| ICM | Intergovernmental Committee for Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM)
| ICRC | International Committee of the Red Cross
| ICRM | International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
| IDA | International Development Association
| IDB | Islamic Development Bank
| IEA | International Energy Agency
| IFAD | International Fund for Agricultural Development
| IFC | International Finance Corporation
| IFCTU | International Federation of Christian Trade Unions
| IFRCS | International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
| IGAD | Inter-Governmental Authority on Development
| IGADD | Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development
| IHO | International Hydrographic Organization
| IIB | International Investment Bank
| ILO | International Labor Organization
| IMCO | Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization; see International Maritime Organization (IMO)
| IMF | International Monetary Fund
| IMO | International Maritime Organization
| Inmarsat | International Mobile Satellite Organization
| InOC | Indian Ocean Commission
| Intelsat | International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
| Interpol | International Criminal Police Organization
| Intersputnik | International Organization of Space Communications
| IOC | International Olympic Committee
| IOM | International Organization for Migration
| ISO | International Organization for Standardization
| ITU | International Telecommunication Union
K | kHz | kilohertz
| km | kilometer
| kW | kilowatt
| kWh | kilowatt hour
L | LAES | Latin American Economic System
| LAIA | Latin American Integration Association
| LAS | League of Arab States; see Arab League (AL)
| Law of the Sea | United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)
| LDC | less developed country
| LLDC | least developed country
| London Convention | see Marine Dumping
| LORCS | League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies; see International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
| LOS | see Law of the Sea
M | m | meter
| Marecs | Maritime European Communications Satellite
| Marine Dumping | Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter
| Marine Life Conservation | Convention on Fishing and Conservation of Living Resources of the High Seas
| MARPOL | see Ship Pollution
| Medarabtel | the Middle East Telecommunications Project of the International Telecommunications Union
| Mercosur | Mercado Comun del Cono Sur; see Southern Cone Common Market
| MHz | megahertz
| MINURSO | United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara
| MINUGUA | United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala
| MIPONUH | United Nations Police Mission in Haiti
| MONUA | United Nations Observer Mission in Angola
| MTCR | Missile Technology Control Regime
N | NA | not available
| NACC | North Atlantic Cooperation Council; see Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC)
| NAM | Nonaligned Movement
| NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization
| NC | Nordic Council
| NEA | Nuclear Energy Agency
| NEGL | negligible
| NIB | Nordic Investment Bank
| NIC | newly industrializing country; see newly industrializing economy (NIE)
| NIE | newly industrializing economy
| nm | nautical mile
| NMT | Nordic Mobile Telephone
| NSG | Nuclear Suppliers Group
| Nuclear Test Ban | Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water
| NZ | New Zealand
O | OAPEC | Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries
| OAS | Organization of American States
| OAU | Organization of African Unity
| ODA | official development assistance
| OECD | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
| OECS | Organization of Eastern Caribbean States
| OIC | Organization of the Islamic Conference
| ONUMOZ | see United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ)
| ONUSAL | United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador
| OOF | other official flows
| OPANAL | Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la America Latina y el Caribe; see Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean
| OPEC | Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
| OSCE | Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe
| Ozone Layer Protection | Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
P | PCA | Permanent Court of Arbitration
| PDRY | People's Democratic Republic of Yemen Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91
| PFP | Partnership for Peace
R | Ramsar | see Wetlands
| RG | Rio Group
S | SAARC | South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
| SACU | Southern African Customs Union
| SADC | Southern African Development Community
| SADCC | Southern African Development Coordination Conference; see Southern African Development Community (SADC)
| SELA | Sistema Economico Latinoamericana; see Latin American Economic System (LAES)
| SFRY | Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; dissolved 5 December 1991
| SHF | super-high-frequency
| Ship Pollution | Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL)
| Sparteca | South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement
| SPC | South Pacific Commission
| SPF | South Pacific Forum
| sq km | square kilometer
| sq mi | square mile
T | TAT | Trans-Atlantic Telephone
| Tropical Timber 83 | International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983
| Tropical Timber 94 | International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994
U | UAE | United Arab Emirates
| UDEAC | Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)
| UEMOA | Union economique et monetaire Ouest africaine; see West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU)
| UHF | ultra-high-frequency
| UK | United Kingdom
| UN | United Nations
| UNAMIR | United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda
| UNAVEM III | United Nations Angola Verification Mission III
| UNCRO | United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia
| UNCTAD | United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
| UNDOF | United Nations Disengagement Observer Force
| UNDP | United Nations Development Program
| UNEP | United Nations Environment Program
| UNESCO | United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
| UNFICYP | United Nations Force in Cyprus
| UNFPA | United Nations Fund for Population Activities; see UN Population Fund (UNFPA)
| UNHCR | United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees
| UNICEF | United Nations Children's Fund
| UNIDO | United Nations Industrial Development Organization
| UNIFIL | United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
| UNIKOM | United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission
| UNITAR | United Nations Institute for Training and Research
| UNMIH | United Nations Mission in Haiti
| UNMIBH | United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina
| UNMOGIP | United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
| UNMOP | United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka
| UNMOT | United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan
| UNOMIG | United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia
| UNOMIL | United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia
| UNOMOZ | United Nations Operation in Mozambique
| UNOMUR | United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda
| UNOSOM II | United Nations Operation in Somalia II
| UNPREDEP | United Nations Preventive Deployment Force
| UNPROFOR | United Nations Protection Force
| UNRISD | United Nations Research Institute for Social Development
| UNRWA | United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East
| UNSMIH | United Nations Support Mission in Haiti
| UNTAC | United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia
| UNTAES | United Nations Transitional Administration in Eastern Slavonia, Baranja, and Western Sirmium
| UNTSO | United Nations Truce Supervision Organization
| UNU | United Nations University
| UPU | Universal Postal Union
| US | United States
| USSR | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union); used for information dated before 25 December 1991
| USSR/EE | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics/Eastern Europe
V | VHF | very-high-frequency
W | WADB | West African Development Bank
| WAEMU | West African Economic and Monetary Union
| WCL | World Confederation of Labor
| WCO | World Customs Organization; see Customs Cooperation Council
| Wetlands | Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat
| WEU | Western European Union
| WFC | World Food Council
| WFP | World Food Program
| WFTU | World Federation of Trade Unions
| Whaling | International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
| WHO | World Health Organization
| WIPO | World Intellectual Property Organization
| WMO | World Meteorological Organization
| WP | Warsaw Pact
| WTO | see WToO for World Tourism Organization or WTrO for World Trade Organization
| WToO | World Tourism Organization
| WTrO | World Trade Organization
Y | YAR | Yemen Arab Republic Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91
Z | ZC | Zangger Committee

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