Copyright: Copyright 1994 NOKIA Monitors.
Citation: NOKIA


MONITOR TEST & SETUP
 MONITOR TEST & SETUP TOOL

Welcome

Before You start

How to start?

To use HELP:  Open Toolboxes

Make You own copy to diskette, after installation

Feedback to NOKIA


SCREEN REGULATION

 What is screen regulation?

 How to use screen regulation tools?

 What you can do?

 Recommendations!


COLOURS
COLOUR TOOLS

 What are Colours?

 How to use Colour Tools

 How the Monitor make Colours?

 How many colour?

 What You can do?


START UP
START-UP TEST PATTERN

 How to use Start-up Tool?

  Recommendations!


GEOMETRY
GEOMETRY TOOLS

The geometry-parameters is affected of the resolution that you are using on your monitor. This means that you will have to adjust your monitor for all different resolutions that you are using. If your monitor has capability of storing more than one set of adjustments. In that case you should use this program to adjust and store these adjustments for all different resolutions that you are using. If your monitor could not store this adjustments you should try to use only one resolution if possible. If this in not possible you can choose between adjusting your most critical or most commonly used resolution or to readjust your monitor when changing resolution.

 How to use Geometry Tools


BRIGHTNESS
BRIGHTNESS AND CONTRAST TOOL

 What makes light on your monitor?

 Why brightness and contrast control?

 What makes brightness control?

 What makes contrast control?

 How to adjust brightness?

 How to adjust contrast?

  Recommendations!


CONVERGENCE
CONVERGENCE TOOLS

 What is Convergence?

 How to use Convergence Tool

 How to identify convergence error ?

 How to measure convergence error ?

 What you can do ?

 Recommendations!


FOCUS
FOCUS TOOLS

 What is Focus?

 How to use focus tools?

 What you can do?


RESOLUTION TOOLS

 What Is Resolution ?

 How to use Resolution Tools?

 Maximum Resolution

 Common problems and solutions.

 Recommendations


READABILITY
READABILITY TOOLS

  How to use readability tools?

See also: Resolution, Convergence, Focus


WELCOME
Welcome to Nokia Monitor Test

Version: 1.0

This program:

Will guide You in setting the parameters, controls and adjustments of the monitor.

Will guide You how to measure picture quality.

NOTE: This program is designed for one purpose only, TO HELP Monitor USERS.

©1994 by NOKIA Monitors All rights reserved.

This application is Freeware.This application is copyrighted and is NOT in the public domain.

You are free to use, and make copies of, this application as long as no fee is charged.

DISCLAIMER: You use this application at your own discretion.

NOKIA Monitors not liable for any damages that may result from the use of this application.

No warranties, expressed or implied, exist.

Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft.

Trinitron is a registered trademark of Sony Corporation.

Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computers.

VGA is a registered trademark of IBM.

DPSM is a registered trademark of VESA.


SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

Read all of these instructions. Follow cautions and instructions marked on the monitor.

Do not attempt to service or open monitor yourself.

To prevent fire or shock hazard, do not expose this appliance to rain or moisture.

Never push objects of any kind into this monitor through cabinet slots as they may touch dangerous voltage points that could result in a fire or electric shock.

Never spill liquid of any kind on the monitor.

Unplug the monitor for added protection when the monitor is left unattended and unused for a long period of time.

Do not use any attachments not recommended by your sales representative as they may cause hazards.

Unplug damaged monitor immediately from the power outlet.

Connection to Power System

Do not connect the power cord of the monitor to power outlet with a voltage or frequency different form that indicated on the commercial label of the monitor. Always use a grounded power outlet.

Use the attached specified power cable that will not interfere with radio and television reception.

Do not expose the power cord to mechanical stress.


START-UP / Test pattern
START-UP TEST PATTERN

How to use it?

Use this test pattern to check: picture size and place, focus, convergence, adjust brightness and contrast.

For more detailed information follow the instructions of every test pattern.


TOOLBAR
 Nokia Monitor Test

 Start-up

 Geometry

 Brightness and Contrast

 Convergence

 Focus

 Resolution

 Readability

 Moire

 Colours

 Screen regulation


GEOMETRY TOOLS

Use this test pattern to adjust and check picture

 size, position

 pincushion or barrel,

 tilt or rotation

 trapezoid

 orthogonality or parallelogram

 How to use the Geometry tools: Push mouse left button to see.( left change colours, right go to next image)


START-UP / Video information
HERE IS INFORMATION OF YOUR GRAPHICS ACCELERATOR CARD, RESOLUTIONS AND USED COLOURS.


START-UP / Standard colours
USE THAT TO CHECK THE APPEARANCE OF THE STANDARD COLOURS.


START-UP / Linearity and focus
USE THAT TO CHECK LINEARITY AND FOCUS ON THE CORNER(S) .


START-UP / Gray-scale
USE THAT TO CHECK THE APPEARANCE OF THE GRAY-SCALE.

USE THAT TO ADJUST BRIGHTNESS AND CONTRAST OF YOUR SCREEN.


START-UP / Main colour scale
USE THAT TO CHECK THE APPEARANCE OF THE MAIN COLOURS-SCALE.


START-UP / Place and size
USE THESE ELEMENTS TO CHECK PICTURE PLACE AND SIZE.


START-UP / Crosshatch
USE THESE ELEMENTS TO CHECK OVERALL LINEARITY AND CONVERGENCE.


START-UP / Test patterns selection
USE THESE BUTTONS TO SELECT USEFUL TESTS PATTERN FOR YOUR PURPOSE.


START-UP /RECOMMENDATIONS
RECOMMENDATIONS

USE START-UP TEST PATTERN REGULARLY TO CHECK PICTURE QUALITY ON YOUR MONITOR.

FOR EXAMPLE EVERY TIME YOU START WINDOWS.

( YOU ONLY MOVED PROGRAM ICON TO START-UP PROGRAM GROUP OF WINDOWS ).

IT'S HIGHLY RECOMMENDED TO USE IT, AT LEAST YOU CHANCE RESOLUTION OR COLOURS!

FOR FINAL ADJUSTMENTS USE GEOMETRY AND BRIGHTNESS TEST PATTERNS OF THIS PROGRAM.


GEOMETRY_1
GEOMETRY

 Left: Change Colour   Right: Next Pattern

Use this test pattern to adjust and check picture

 size, position

 pincushion or barrel,

 tilt or rotation

 trapezoid

 orthogonality or parallelogram


GEOMETRY_2
GEOMETRY

 Left: Change Colour   Right: Next Pattern

Use this test pattern to adjust and check picture

 size, position

 pincushion or barrel,

 tilt or rotation

 trapezoid

 orthogonality or parallelogram


GEOMETRY_3
GEOMETRY

 Left: Change Colour   Right: Next Pattern

Use this test pattern to adjust and check picture

 size, position

 pincushion or barrel,

 tilt or rotation

 trapezoid

 orthogonality or parallelogram


GEOMETRY_4
GEOMETRY

 Left: Change Colour   Right: Next Pattern

Use this test pattern to adjust and check picture

 size, position

 pincushion or barrel,

 tilt or rotation

 trapezoid

 orthogonality or parallelogram


MOIRE / What is Moire?
What is Moire?

Moiré is a natural interference phenomenon that appear in all colour CRT monitors.

It`s a interference between shadow mask (or aperture grill) and used resolution.

This is an example of pure video moiré, normally you can also see some ripples, waves, and wisps of intensity fluctuations that are superimposed on the screen.They occur most frequently in displays that have finally focused beams.


GEOMETRY_5
GEOMETRY

 Left: Change Colour   Right: Quit

Use this test pattern to adjust and check picture

 size, position

 pincushion or barrel,

 tilt or rotation

 trapezoid

 orthogonality or parallelogram


GEOMETRY_6
GEOMETRY

 Left: Change Colour   Right: Quit

Use this test pattern to adjust and check picture

 size, position

 pincushion or barrel,

 tilt or rotation

 trapezoid

 orthogonality or parallelogram


GEOMETRY_7
GEOMETRY

 Left: Change Colour   Right: Quit

Use this test pattern to adjust and check picture

 size, position

 pincushion or barrel,

 tilt or rotation

 trapezoid

 orthogonality or parallelogram


GEOMETRY_8
GEOMETRY

 Left: Change Colour   Right: Quit

Use this test pattern to adjust and check picture

 size, position

 pincushion or barrel,

 tilt or rotation

 trapezoid

 orthogonality or parallelogram


GEOMETRY  SIZE AND POSITION
SIZE AND POSITION

 Adjust the size and position controls so that the broken line almost disappears behind the screen bezel. If the shape of the broken line distorted try to adjust other adjustments ( trapezoid, tilt, pincushion etc.) The inner circle should be perfectly round, measure picture width and high, aspect ratio should be 4/3 (width/height).If not readjust picture size a little bit.


GEOMETRY  PICUSHION  BARREL
PINCUSHION or BARREL


GEOMETRY  TILT or ROTATION
TILT or ROTATION


GEOMETRY  TRAPEZOID
TRAPEZOID


GEOMETRY  ORTHOGONALITY or PARALLELOGRAM
ORTHOGONALITY or PARALLELOGRAM


BRIGHTNESS / What makes light on your monitor
WHAT MAKES LIGHT ON YOUR MONITOR

A so called video-signal is sent from the control-circuitry in your "computer" to the monitor telling the monitor where on the screen and the light output intended ranging from zero (black) to maximum light output.

In the monitor this signal is converted to light on the monitor screen.


WHY BRIGHTNESS AND CONTRAST CONTROL

There are normally 2 controls to set the light output on a monitor called BRIGHTNESS and CONTRAST-control.

The brightness control is used to adjust the video-signal`s zero-level to equal black on the monitor screen.

The contrast control is then used to set the amplification of the video-signal or in practice to set the light output on the monitor screen to a comfortable level.

The cause of the brightness control is to adjust the low light output-levels and contrast control to adjust the ratio between low and high level light output. Both of these adjustments are dependent of ambient light, application (program) being used and also the operators own needs.


BRIGHTNESS / Control
BRIGHTNESS - CONTROL

The Brightness Control determines the Black-Level of the Picture.


CONTRAST / Control
CONTRAST - CONTROL

The Contrast Control determines the White-Level of the Picture. (Video amplifiers gain)


CONVERGENCE / How to use Tool
How to use Convergence Tool?

left;change colours 	right;back to start-up tool

Use this test pattern to check convergence error, How, look: MISCONVERGENCE / How to identify it?


BRIGHTNESS / Adjustment
BRIGHTNESS - ADJUSTMENT

Use the brightness adjustment pattern.

The brightness control should be used to adjust the low level light output from your monitor for different ambient light.

Increase the brightness control until you can see background (part intended to be black) and all dark gray squares marked 1-9%.

Decrease it again until you can just distinguish the dark gray squares brighter than 1-3%.

If You set the Brightness Control too high, the monitor cannot produce black.

If You set the Brightness Control too low (blacker than black), then the dimmer Grays will be lost and will reproduce as black.

see:How to adjust Contrast of the Monitor ?

see:Recommendations !


CONTRAST / Adjustment
CONTRAST - ADJUSTMENT

Use the brightness adjustment pattern.

The contrast control should be used set a comfortable light output from your monitor. This is depend of your application (program) as well as the ambient light. Remember that if the ambient light has changed you should first adjust the brightness control.

You can use this test pattern to set the contrast control in a default position ( best position for all possible information on your screen). When you are running new programs you should use the contrast control to set the light output from the screen to a comfortable level.

Adjust the Contrast Control so that all big squares are visible, sharp, clearly distinct and graduated in intensity.

see:How to adjust Brightness of the Monitor ?

see:Recommendations !


BRIGHTNESS / Recommendations
BRIGHTNESS AND CONTRAST RECOMMENDATIONS

The light output from your screen can under certain conditions be affected of resolution you are using. This means that you might have to use different settings on brightness and contrast-controls if you are using more than one resolution.

It's better to set Black-Level a little bit too low and lose some darkest-Grays than too high and lose a black background and good contrast between black and white.

In Windows, don't set Contrast Control too high, because Your eyes will tire more quickly!


MOIRE
MOIRE TOOLS

 What is Moire?

 How to use Moire-Tools?

 What you can do?


SCREEN REGULATION1
How to use screen regulation tools

 Click right button of mouse to change next picture(s).

When picture start blinking, check the white line in left and right side.

Blinking is merely used to make the effect easier to detect.


CONVERGENCE / What is it ?
WHAT IS CONVERGENCE ( MISCONVERGENCE)

A White line on the Screen consists of three coloured lines: Red, Green and Blue lines. If no convergence error exists in the Screen, The Lines are exactly overlaid and the resulting colour is White.

  NO MISCONVERGENCE

In case of convergence error separate Red, Green and Blue lines can be seen instead of White. It is similar than out of FOCUS image, except You will see thin coloured fringes around the edges of image detail.

  HORIZONTAL MISCONVERGENCE

  VERTICAL MISCONVERGENCE

The convergence error will vary with location on the screen and will be different for each of the primary colours. Generally, convergence will be best near the center and worst in the corners. As You can see, it has also bad influence on FOCUS.


CONVERGENCE / Horizontal misconvergence


CONVERGENCE / Vertical misconvergence


CONVERGENCE / How to identify it?

To find The place of MISCONVERGENCE is more easily if You use:

1. Convergence test picture:

 No Misconvergence,

 Horizontal Misconvergence,

 Vertical Misconvergence

2. Start-up Test Pattern Crosshatch lines (Red, Blue)

 No Misconvergence,

 Horizontal Misconvergence,

 Vertical Misconvergence.


SCREEN REGULATION / Recommendations!
Recommendations!

If the white line moves less than is visible, you have a very good monitor, (screen regulation)

If the white line moves less than 1mm, screen regulation is quit good.

If the white line moves from1 to 2mm, screen regulation is " fair".

If the white line moves from 3 to 5 mm, screen regulation is unsatisfactory, more than 5mm is catastrophic or your monitor is broken.


CONVERGENCE / Convergence test pattern / No error
 Colours are on the same line NO MISCONVERGENCE


CONVERGENCE / Convergence test pattern / Horizontal error
  Colours are not on the same Vertical line; Horizontal Misconvergence


CONVERGENCE / Convergence test pattern / Vertical error
  Colours are not on the same Horizontal line; Vertical Misconvergence


CONVERGENCE / Start-up test pattern / No error
 Colours are on the same line NO MISCONVERGENCE


CONVERGENCE / Start-up test pattern / Horizontal error
 Colours are not on the same Vertical line; Horizontal Misconvergence


CONVERGENCE / Start-up test pattern / Vertical error
 Colours are not on the same Horizontal line; Vertical Misconvergence


CONVERGENCE / HOW TO MEASURE?
CONVERGENCE / How to measure it?

 Use convergence test pattern.

For services and other monitor expert users:

 Use a Convergence-meter; Convergence Gauge.


CONVERGENCE / Measure, normal user.
CONVERGENCE / "Measure convergence error"

"Click" magnifying glass


CONVERGENCE / Measure, test pattern

 No convergence error.

 "a Little" convergence error.

 "One pixels width" converge error.

 "Big" convergence error.


CONVERGENCE / Measure, advanced user
CONVERGENCE / "Measure convergence error"

1. Use white crosshatch [image] test pattern

2. Adjust contrast to near maximum

3. Adjust brightness so that background just disappears

The use of Klein CM7AR Convergence Gauge has been explained here but other types of gauges can be used as well.

4. Place the Gauge on the line with marking Y up upwards when measuring horizontal line.

5. Place the Gauge on the line with marking X up upwards when measuring vertical line.

6. If the line has convergence error, the line in the window seems to be broken.

7. Use knobs A and B to adjust the line continuous.

8. If the readings are on the opposite side of zero, the convergence error is A+B (e.g. 0.2+0.1->0.3).

9. If readings are on the same side of zero, the convergence error is equal to A if A>B and B if B>A.


CONVERGENCE / What you can do?

READ THE OWNER`S MANUAL OF THE MONITOR.

 DEGAUSSING

 CHANGE IMAGE POSITION

 CHANGE IMAGE SIZE

 CHANGE RESOLUTION

 USE DIFFERENT COLOURS

 COLOUR COMBINATIONS

 ADJUST STATIC CONVERGENCE

 ADJUST DYNAMIC CONVERGENCE

ATTENTION


CONVERGENCE / Degaussing
Degaussing

Stray magnetic field can affect convergence.

Press Manual Degaussing, once, if Your monitor does not have a Manual Degaussing possibility, then Degaussing is performed automatically, but only when the monitor is powered on after 1/2 hours off-time.


CONVERGENCE / Change image position
Change image position

Convergence is generally worst on the periphery of the image ( one side or corner ).

Shift the image away from the worst side or corner, this will reduce the problem.


CONVERGENCE / Change image size
Change image size

Convergence is generally worst on the periphery of the image ( one side or corner ).

Resize the image away from the worst side or corner, this will reduce the problem.


CONVERGENCE / Change resolution
Change resolution

The same Convergence error is not so visible into smaller resolution, because Theoretical Pixel Size is bigger.

e.g. 0.30mm convergence error is clearly visible if Your pixel size is

 0.25mm, but the same error is not so critical, if Your pixel size is

 0.40mm.


CONVERGENCE / Use different colours
Use different colours

You can use different colours to have a good contrast, because in lower contrast (and brightness) level convergence error is not so visible.


CONVERGENCE / Colour combinations
Colour combinations

You can use different colour combinations depending what kind of convergence error you have on

your monitor.

What are the combinations.

 Red +  [image] Blue -> [image] Magenta

 Green + [image] Blue -> [image] Cyan

 Green + [image] Red -> [image] Yellow

If You have RED-BLUE convergence error

Don`T useMagenta, Red and Blue together but

useCyan, Green and Blue together or

use Yellow, Green and Red together.

If You haveRED-GREEN convergence error

Don`T useYellow, Red and Green together but

use Cyan, Green and Blue together or

use Magenta, Red and Blue together.

If You haveGREEN-BLUE convergence error

Don`T use Cyan, Green and Blue together but

use  Magenta, Red and Blue together or

use  Yellow, Green and Red together.


CONVERGENCE / Red-Blue


CONVERGENCE / Magneta, Red, Blue together


CONVERGENCE / Cyan, Green, Blue together


CONVERGENCE / Yellow, Green, Red together


CONVERGENCE / Green-Red


CONVERGENCE / Green-Blue


CONVERGENCE / Static convergence adjustment
Static convergence adjustment

Static convergence is usually set by convergence magnets that are mounted on the yoke assembly on the neck of the picture tube.

Some of the Monitors has also 1 or 2 Convergence Controls, they affect convergence over the entire screen. Each control is used to converge Red and Blue lines onto the Green line as closely as possible. If there are 2 controls, one affect vertical convergence and the other horizontal.


CONVERGENCE / Dynamic convergence adjustment
Dynamic convergence adjustment

Dynamic convergence is usually adjusted with various internal potentiometers that vary the voltages to the deflection coils in the yoke assembly.

Some of the Monitors includes Dynamic Convergence Controls. It generally divide the screen up into zones, and allow the convergence in each zone to be independently adjusted.

FIRST ADJUST/CHECK ANY STATIC CONVERGENCE FOR PERFECT CONVERGENCE AT THE CENTER OF THE SCREEN.


CONVERGENCE / Recommendations

Nominally The Misconvergence is specified like : less than 0.25 mm (center) and less than 0.35 mm (elsewhere).

That CENTER means that big circle in the middle of the test picture [image].

It`s highly recommended that misconvergence is smaller thantheoretical pixel size.


SCREEN REGULATION / Change system colours intensity
Change system colours intensity

Use Windows Control Panel to change system colours intensity.

(follow Windows Control Panel Help instructions how to do this).


THEORETICAL PIXEL SIZE
PICTURE WIDTH / RESOLUTION -> THEORETICAL PIXEL SIZE

MONITOR SIZE	RESOLUTION	THEORETICAL PIXEL SIZE

21"	1600 x 1200	0.25mm

1280 x 1024	0.31mm

1152 x 870	0.35mm

1024 x 768	0.39mm

832 x 624	0.48mm

800 x 600	0.50mm

640 x 480	0.63mm

17"	1280 x 1024	0.25mm

1152 x 870	0.27mm

1024 x 768	0.31mm

832 x 624	0.38mm

800 x 600	0.39mm

640 x 480	0.49mm

15"	1024 x 768	0.27mm

832 x 624	0.34mm

800 x 600	0.35mm

640 x 480	0.44mm


RESOLUTION TOOLS_1
RESOLUTION TOOLS

 How to use the Resolution tools: Push mouse left button to see ( left change resolution, right go to next image).

This tool is useful for checking whether the CRT is capable of displaying finely spaced lines across the entire CRT image area. Both horizontal and vertical resolution can be checked.


RESOLUTION TOOLS_2
RESOLUTION TOOLS

Testing; Vertical Resolution 1/1 pixels

Left:Change resolution   Right: Horizontal resolution


RESOLUTION TOOLS_3
RESOLUTION TOOLS

Testing; Vertical Resolution; 2/2 pixels

Left:Change resolution   Right: Horizontal resolution


RESOLUTION TOOLS_4
RESOLUTION TOOLS

Testing; Horizontal Resolution 1/1 pixels

Left:Change resolution   Right: Quit

Note: This is an extreme test for CRTs running in high(800x600 +) resolution modes(especially 15" or smaller monitors). Because of the way the electron beams scan the CRT screen, the beams must turn completely on and then completely off within the span of 1 pixel. This stresses both the electronics of the video adapter card and the monitor.

If you can't see the individual white lines you might see interference patterns, indicating the dot pitch is probably too coarse, or you might see a gray screen, indicating the video adapter or the video amplifier of the monitor is probably too slow for this resolution/image-size combination. The solution to this kind of problem is to either run your monitor at a lower resolution, or get a monitor with a larger image area.


RESOLUTION TOOLS_5
RESOLUTION TOOLS

Testing; Horizontal Resolution 2/2 pixels

Left:Change resolution   Right: Quit


RESOLUTION / What is it ?

This is a number of Picture Elements or Pixels, that are used to produce image on the display.The Pixel Resolution of image is specified by:the number of pixels in each Horizontal Row  e.g. How many Vertical lines is possible to see, if the horizontal resolution is 800 it's possible to see 400 white/black lines( 1pixel/1pixel).

And by the number of pixels in each Vertical Column on the screen, e.g. How many Horizontal lines is possible to see, if the vertical resolution is 600 it's possible to see 300 white/black lines( 1pixel/1pixel).

Nominally used formula is H x V e.g.

640 x 480 -> 307200 addressable pixels.

800 x 600 -> 480000 addressable pixels.

1600 x 1200 -> 1920000 addressable pixels.

Most popular resolutions are 640x480, 800x600, 832x624, 1024x768, 1152x870, 1280x1024 and

1600x1200. see:theoretical pixel size.


RESOLUTION / MAXIMUM
Maximum resolution

Maximum resolution depends:

 CRT-size,

 Dot pitch or

 Aperture Grill,

 Video Amplifier`s Bandwidth

 Dot Frequency

 Rise-Fall time and

Video adapter card and it's always a combination of them.


RESOLUTION / CRT-size
Most popular CRT-sizes are 14", 15", 17", 20" and 21".CRT size is measured diagonal dimension of TUBE

Visible area is always smaller than CRT`s face value e.g. 15" CRT gives You 13.7" diagonal visible.


RESOLUTION / Dot-pitch
 Dot-pitch is a shortest distance between same coloured dots. Most common dot-pitches are 0.31mm, 0.28mm, and 0.26mm.

Low resolution.	Dot pitch 0,44 to 0,47 mm

Medium resolution.	Dot pitch 0,32 to 0,43 mm

High resolution.	Dot pitch 0,28 to 0,31 mm

Ultrahigh resolution.	Dot pitch 0,21 to 0,27 mm


RESOLUTION / Aperture grill
 "Dot-pitch" is a shortest distance between same coloured grills. Most common dot-pitches are 0.31mm, 0.28mm, and 0.26mm.


RESOLUTION / Bandwidth
 Amplifier bandwidth is specified -3dB points. Bandwidth; Fmax - F min (-3dB). But it`s more realistic to talk about Video Dot Frequency and Rise/Fall times.


RESOLUTION / Dot frequency
 Dot Frequency is two times higher than Video Frequency. 1/PIXEL TIME -> DOT FREQUENCY.

e.g. 200MHz dot frequency  -> pixel time is 5ns (1/200MHz) -> 100MHz video signal frequency (1/(5ns+5ns)).


RESOLUTION / Rise/Fall-time
This is one most important property of video amplifier.

Factor between rise/fall-times and bandwidth:

0.35/(rise-time) -> bandwidth.

Example:

0.35/3.5ns -> 100 MHz


RESOLUTION / Recommendations
Recommendations

It's recommend to use following maximum resolutions:

15"	800 x 600	highly recommended

1024 x 768	recommended

1280 x 1024	very special applications, see dot pitch

17" 	1024 x 768	highly recommended

1280 x 1024	recommended, some applications

1600 x 1200	very special applications, see dot pitch

21"	1280 x 1024	highly recommended

1600 x 1200	recommended

Note: Using a high resolution on a too small screen makes the characters unreadable at normal viewing

distance. Closer viewing distance to the monitor can cause eye strain or musculoskeletal fatigue.


HtuConTool2
How to use Convergence Tool?

left;change colours 	right;back to start-up tool

Use this test pattern to check convergence error, How, look: MISCONVERGENCE / How to identify it?


HtuConTool3
How to use Convergence Tool?

left;change colours 	right;back to start-up tool

Use this test pattern to check convergence error, How, look: MISCONVERGENCE / How to identify it?


How to start?

1. Use "Geometry Tools" to adjust picture in correct shape

2. Tune Brightness and Contrast by using "Brightness and Contrast Tool"


HtuConTool4
How to use Convergence Tool?

left;change colours 	right;back to start-up tool

Use this test pattern to check convergence error, How, look: MISCONVERGENCE / How to identify it?


HtuConTool5
How to use Convergence Tool?

left;change colours 	right;back to start-up tool

Use this test pattern to check convergence error, How, look: MISCONVERGENCE / How to identify it?


READABILITY 2
How to use Readability Tools

Use this pattern to check whether text is readable across the screen. The text should be readable, and all parts of each letter should be clear. If there are alignment problems you might notice color fringing or bad focus; in any case the text will not appear sharp, possibly even unreadable.

 How to use the Resolution tools: Push mouse left button to see.( left invert, right go to main menu)

Note: If you have too high resolution on a small screen, it will be extremely difficult to get readable text because the alignment tolerances are too tight.


READABILITY 1
How to use Readability Tools

Use this pattern to check whether text is readable across the screen. The text should be readable, and all parts of each letter should be clear. If there are alignment problems you might notice color fringing or bad focus; in any case the text will not appear sharp, possibly even unreadable.

 How to use the Resolution tools: Push mouse left button to see.( left invert, right go to main menu)

Note: If you have too high resolution on a small screen, it will be extremely difficult to get readable text because the alignment tolerances are too tight.


COLOURS / How to use1
How to use Colour Tools?

 This is for testing; White Uniformity and Flickering

 left;change colour 	right;next step


RESOLUTION / Common problems
Common problems.

 Bandwidth, rise/fall-time problem.

 Over shooting problem.


COLOURS / How to use2
How to use Colour Tools?

 This is for testing; Red Uniformity,Colour Purity and flickering

 left;change colour 	right;next step


COLOURS / How to use3
How to use Colour Tools?

 This is for testing; Green Uniformity,Colour Purity and Flickering

 left;change colour 	right;next step


COLOURS / How to use6
How to use Colour Tools?

 This is for testing; White amplitude

 left;change colour 	right;Quit

The test pattern is not a full screen pattern, since then the electron guns would be working " full power" all the time. The best pattern is square in the middle of a black screen. This will give more natural "average picture level" i.e. a more normal level of average beam current.


COLOURS / Demagauss the Screen
Degauss the screen

On colour monitors, stray or varying external magnetic fields will affect colour purity. Whenever the monitor is moved or rotated in position, it experiences a change in the earth`s magnetic field, which also affects colour purity. Degaussing removes the effects of all magnetic field changes.

see: What to do / Misconvergence.


COLOURS / How to use4
How to use Colour Tools?

 This is for testing; Blue Uniformity,Colour Purity and Flickering

 left;change colour 	right;next step


COLOURS / How to use5
How to use Colour Tools?

 This is for testing; Black level or "Cut-off"

 left;change colour 	right;next step


COLOURS / How to use7
How to use Colour Tools?

 This is for testing; Red amplitude

 left;change colour 	right;next step

The test pattern is not a full screen pattern, since then the electron guns would be working " full power" all the time. The best pattern is square in the middle of a black screen. This will give more natural "average picture level" i.e. a more normal level of average beam current.


COLOURS / How to use8
How to use Colour Tools?

 This is for testing; Green amplitude

 left;change colour 	right;next step

The test pattern is not a full screen pattern, since then the electron guns would be working " full power" all the time. The best pattern is square in the middle of a black screen. This will give more natural "average picture level" i.e. a more normal level of average beam current.


COLOURS / What are Colours?
What are Colours?

Colours are something we see with our eyes. This something is rays of light, electromagnetic waves between 380 nm and 780 nm.

Your eyes pick up the electromagnetic waves, and then your brain translates this into something we call "colour".

Colours Only Exist Inside Our Brains, this means that one person may see colours slightly differently than the next.


COLOURS / How to use9
How to use Colour Tools?

 This is for testing; Blue amplitude

 left;change colour 	right;next step

The test pattern is not a full screen pattern, since then the electron guns would be working " full power" all the time. The best pattern is square in the middle of a black screen. This will give more natural "average picture level" i.e. a more normal level of average beam current.


COLOURS / How Monitor make Colours?
How Monitor make Colours?

Monitor use as called "additive colours mixing".

This is because when we add red, green and blue light together to get white. This is exactly what happens in a colour monitor. When we want white on the screen, we turn on the electron gun hitting the red, green and blue phosphors, together the phosphors then emit white light.


COLOURS / How many colour?
How many colour?

16 Color Modes

To make 16 different colours on your screen takes 4bit/pixel of video memory.

If you are running Windows in a 16 color mode, then you will see dithered patterns.

Switch to a 256 color mode, which doesn't use dithering.

256 Color Modes

To make 256 different colours on your screen takes 8bit/pixel of video memory.

In 256 color modes, the video board can display any 256 colors from a palette of 262,144 available colors. Each primary color has 64 intensity levels.

High Color

To make 65K different colours on your screen takes 16bit/pixel, of video memory.

In "High Color" modes, the video board can display either 32,768 colors or 65,536 colors.

Each primary color has 32 intensity levels, except for green in the 65K mode, which has 64 levels.

For using this colour mode you need at least 2M video memory in 1024 x 768 (or 1152 x 882) resolution.

True Color

To make 16.8M different colours (more than the eye can readily distinguish) on your screen takes 24bit/pixel of video memory.

Each primary colour have 256 intensity levels.

For using this colour mode you need at least 2M video memory in 800 x 600 resolution.


Befor You start
Before You start

Be sure that the monitor has been on at least 20-30 minutes before you start doing any Comparisons


Make You own copy
Copy following files to diskette:

NTEST.EXE	Program file

NHELP.HLP	This help file

NTEST.INI	Initialization file


COLOURS / What You can do?
What You can do?

 Demagauss the Screen

 Change Monitors direction

 Nearby Equipments

FOR SPECIALIST ONLY, Like monitor services, technical people etc.

 Badly aligned Colours

 Correctly aligned Colours

 Adjust Black Level or "Cut-off"

 Adjust High Level White Balance or Tint


COLOURS/ Change Monitors direction
Change Monitors direction

By convention, monitors are generally adjusted in the factory Facing East. The monitor should produce it`s best colour purity in that direction.


COLOURS / Nearby Equipments
Nearby Equipments

Any nearby equipments which generates a magnetic fields , speakers, computers, old telephones, external disk drivers, CD-roms etc. can affect colour purity.

Make sure that you don`t have Fans, External power transformers (fluorescent lights), any motorized or solenoid actuated appliances nearby your Monitor.


COLOURS / Adjust Black Level or "Cut-off"
Adjust Black Level or "Cut-off"

THIS IS NOT RECOMMENDED, IF YOU DON`T HAVE A INSTRUMENTS LIKE A COLOUR ANALYZER. TAKE A CONTACT TO THE SERVICE

The first step is to feed the monitor a signal which is black. You should now adjust the brightness so you are just able to see the background ( 2 cd/m2, if you have a color analyzer to do this). The second step is to adjust the red, green and blue cut-off controls of the monitor until the colour analyzer says you have the colour of "daylight" at low level.

 What we are doing here is adjusting the position of each of the individual curves up and down until we have the correct balance in low level. That means: all three lines cross each other in low level.


COLOURS / Adjust High Level
Adjust High Level

THIS IS NOT RECOMMENDED, IF YOU DON`T HAVE A INSTRUMENTS LIKE A COLOUR ANALYZER. TAKE A CONTACT TO THE SERVICE

 Feed the monitor a white signal. Use a colour analyzer to check if the colour is "daylight", at the correct level e.g.100 cd/m2 (adjusted by contrast control). Adjust the red, green and blue gain controls of the monitor until it does.

 What we are doing here is adjusting the position of each of the individual curves up and down until we have the correct balance in low and high level . That means: all three lines cross each other in low level and the maximum light output level.

 REPEAT CUT-OFF ADJUSTMENTS AND THEN WHITE LEVEL UNTIL YOU HAVE THE SAME COLOURS ON "BLACK" AND "WHITE".


COLOURS / Badly aligned Colours
Badly aligned Colours

 Here you`ll see how the light output of red, green and blue phosphors vary with the beam current of the three electron guns. This is a badly aligned monitor.


COLOURS / Correctly aligned Colours
Correctly aligned Colours

 Here you`ll see how the light output of red, green and blue phosphors vary with the beam current of the three electron guns. This is a correctly aligned monitor.


RESOLUTION / Bandwidth, rise/fall-time problem
Bandwidth, rise/fall-time problem

If your picture look like this. You have a problem.

1. Check all cabling between monitor and computer.

2. You have a poor video board in the your computer, this is quit common problem (in cheep video boards). Even the best monitors can`t solve this problem, only solution is to buy a new video board or cheeper way is to use lower resolution.

3. You have a poor video amplifier in your monitor or you try to use monitor out of it`s specified properties. Solutions is a same as before (section 2).


RESOLUTION / Over shooting problem
Over shooting problem

If you have picture like this, you might have a "over shooting" problem, and you see like a "shadows" behind the white line ( or black line if you have a white background like in windows for example). Normally this is a problem of video card, one way to make video board`s out put faster and it start oscillating.

1. Check all cabling between monitor and computer.

2. You have a poor video board in the your computer, this is quit common problem (in cheep video boards). Even the best monitors can`t solve this problem, only solution is to buy a new video board or cheeper way is to use lower resolution.

3. You have a poor video amplifier in your monitor or you try to use monitor out of it`s specified properties. Solutions is a same as before (section 2).


FOCUS / What you can do?
What you can do?

 Adjust Focus Control, if available

 Adjust picture size

 Decrease Contrast

 Use different colours. See also:Convergence/ Use different colours


SCREEN REGULATION / What is screen regulation?
What is screen regulation?

Some of monitors the image expands in bright areas and contracts in dimmer areas. That is happening because monitor has a poor high-voltage regulation. This effect is more or less visible in all monitors, normally in very cheap monitor models, because design and produce a very good high-voltage regulation system is not inexpensive. If your monitor has a very bad screen regulation, picture is "zooming" when you adjust brightness control. Example of where this commonly occurs includes bar graphs, Windows Title Bars.


SCREEN REGULATION2
How to use screen regulation tools

 Click right button of mouse to end the test.

When picture start blinking, check the white line in left/right side and up/bottom.

Blinking is merely used to make the effect easier to detect.


SCREEN REGULATION / What you can do?
What you can do?

 Reduce brightness and contrast

 Reduce background intensity

 Use different system colours intensity

 Use primary colours


SCREEN REGULATION / Reduce Brightness andContrast
Reduce Brightness and Contrast

Reduce Brightness and Contrast controls, so will beam current level decrease and the effect will be smaller.


SCREEN REGULATION / Reduce background intensity
Reduce background intensity

Use Windows Control Panel to change background intensity, form white to gray, example.

(follow Windows Control Panel Help instructions how to do this).


Use primary colours

White is made by using all three primary colours, and it will load beam current three times more than only red, green or blue.

Secondary colours like magenta, yellow, and cyan loads beam current two times more than primary colours.


MOIRE / How to use Moire-Tools 1
How to use Moire-Tools?

Search for waves, wisps, bundles and shimmers of intensity variations. Use all test tools to check Moire, because the visibility of Moire patterns varies with colours.

Left:Change colour	Right:Change pattern


MOIRE / What you can do?
What you can do?

 Adjust Focus

 Increase Contrast

 Change image size

 Change resolution

 Don`t use gray or dark gray (dim) backgrounds

 External filters


MOIRE / How to use Moire-Tools 2
How to use Moire-Tools?

Search for waves, wisps, bundles and shimmers of intensity variations. Use all test tools to check Moire, because the visibility of Moire patterns varies with colours.

Left:Change colour	Right:Change pattern


MOIRE / How to use Moire-Tools 3
How to use Moire-Tools?

Search for waves, wisps, bundles and shimmers of intensity variations. Use all test tools to check Moire, because the visibility of Moire patterns varies with colours.

Left:Change colour	Right:Change pattern


MOIRE / How to use Moire-Tools 4
How to use Moire-Tools?

Search for waves, wisps, bundles and shimmers of intensity variations. Use all test tools to check Moire, because the visibility of Moire patterns varies with colours.

Left:Change colour	Right:Change pattern


MOIRE / How to use Moire-Tools 5
How to use Moire-Tools?

Search for waves, wisps, bundles and shimmers of intensity variations. Use all test tools to check Moire, because the visibility of Moire patterns varies with colours.

Left:Change colour	Right:Change pattern


MOIRE / How to use Moire-Tools 6
How to use Moire-Tools?

Search for waves, wisps, bundles and shimmers of intensity variations. Use all test tools to check Moire, because the visibility of Moire patterns varies with colours.

Left:Change colour	Right:Change pattern


MOIRE / How to use Moire-Tools 7
How to use Moire-Tools?

Search for waves, wisps, bundles and shimmers of intensity variations. Use all test tools to check Moire, because the visibility of Moire patterns varies with colours.

Left:Change colour	Right:Change pattern


MOIRE / How to use Moire-Tools 8
How to use Moire-Tools?

Search for waves, wisps, bundles and shimmers of intensity variations. Use all test tools to check Moire, because the visibility of Moire patterns varies with colours.

Left:Change colour	Right:Change pattern


MOIRE / How to use Moire-Tools 9
How to use Moire-Tools?

Search for waves, wisps, bundles and shimmers of intensity variations. Use all test tools to check Moire, because the visibility of Moire patterns varies with colours.

Left:Change colour	Right:Quit


MOIRE / How to use Moire-Tools 10
How to use Moire-Tools?

Search for waves, wisps, bundles and shimmers of intensity variations. Use all test tools to check Moire, because the visibility of Moire patterns varies with colours.

Left:Change colour	Right:Quit


MOIRE / How to use Moire-Tools 11
How to use Moire-Tools?

Search for waves, wisps, bundles and shimmers of intensity variations. Use all test tools to check Moire, because the visibility of Moire patterns varies with colours.

Left:Change colour	Right:Quit


MOIRE / How to use Moire-Tools 12
How to use Moire-Tools?

Search for waves, wisps, bundles and shimmers of intensity variations. Use all test tools to check Moire, because the visibility of Moire patterns varies with colours.

Left:Change colour	Right:Quit


Feedback to NOKIA

Dear Madam/Sir

All kind of feedback is very welcome, so please don`t hesitate to take contact to us.

Fax: +46-8-7938441

or by Mail, to following address:

NOKIA MONITORS

"Nokia Monitor Test V1.0"

P.O. Box 37

S-164 93 Kista

SWEDEN


MOIRE / Adjust Focus
Adjust Focus

If Focus adjustment is available, defocus the image, but only slightly. Check the picture focusing by using Focus Tools and/or Readability Tools.


MOIRE / Increase Contrast
Increase Contrast

Add Contrast, this will increase the beam current and spot size.and defocusing your picture. Check the picture focusing by using Focus Tools and/or Readability Tools.


MOIRE / Change image size
Change image size

Adjust picture smaller or bigger, to make Moire less noticeable.


MOIRE / Change resolution
Change resolution

Reduce resolution, this works allways.


MOIRE / Don`t use gray or dark gray (dim) backgrounds
Don`t use gray or dark gray (dim) backgrounds

Use White background colour, this will increase beam current and defocusing your picture.Check the picture focusing by using Focus Tools and/or Readability Tools.


MOIRE / External filters
External filters

Some of external "Low Radiation" filters produces Moire. Check your monitor with and without filter.


FOCUS1
How to use Focus Tools?

The Focus Tools displays a special patterns in each corner of the screen and in the center. The patterns are displayed in black on white and then main colours on white. This is a difficult test for most monitors when close to their rated resolution. In particular, watch out for differences between the center and corners.

Left:Change colour	Right:Change pattern


FOCUS2
How to use Focus Tools?

The Focus Tools displays a special patterns in each corner of the screen and in the center. The patterns are displayed in black on white and then main colours on white. This is a difficult test for most monitors when close to their rated resolution. In particular, watch out for differences between the center and corners.

Left:Change colour	Right:Change pattern


FOCUS3
How to use Focus Tools?

The Focus Tools displays a special patterns in each corner of the screen and in the center. The patterns are displayed in black on white and then main colours on white. This is a difficult test for most monitors when close to their rated resolution. In particular, watch out for differences between the center and corners.

Left:Change colour	Right:Change pattern


FOCUS4
How to use Focus Tools?

The Focus Tools displays a special patterns in each corner of the screen and in the center. The patterns are displayed in black on white and then main colours on white. This is a difficult test for most monitors when close to their rated resolution. In particular, watch out for differences between the center and corners.

Left:Change colour	Right:Change pattern


FOCUS5
How to use Focus Tools?

The Focus Tools displays a special patterns in each corner of the screen and in the center. The patterns are displayed in black on white and then main colours on white. This is a difficult test for most monitors when close to their rated resolution. In particular, watch out for differences between the center and corners.

Left:Change colour	Right:Quit


FOCUS6
How to use Focus Tools?

The Focus Tools displays a special patterns in each corner of the screen and in the center. The patterns are displayed in black on white and then main colours on white. This is a difficult test for most monitors when close to their rated resolution. In particular, watch out for differences between the center and corners.

Left:Change colour	Right:Quit


FOCUS7
How to use Focus Tools?

The Focus Tools displays a special patterns in each corner of the screen and in the center. The patterns are displayed in black on white and then main colours on white. This is a difficult test for most monitors when close to their rated resolution. In particular, watch out for differences between the center and corners.

Left:Change colour	Right:Quit


FOCUS8
How to use Focus Tools?

The Focus Tools displays a special patterns in each corner of the screen and in the center. The patterns are displayed in black on white and then main colours on white. This is a difficult test for most monitors when close to their rated resolution. In particular, watch out for differences between the center and corners.

Left:Change colour	Right:Quit


FOCUS / What is Focus?
What is Focus?

Monitors with good and bad focusing

At bad focused monitor, beam spread, specially in corners.

Focus is not only effect that influence image sharpness, other main reasons are Convergence, Blooming, Video amplifiers bandwidth, and Resolution.


Blooming
Blooming; if you increase Brightness to high, it will cause the beam to spread and if this spreading is excessive, the monitor will lose sharpness.


FOCUS / Monitor with a good/bad focus


FOCUS / Adjust Focus Control, if awaileble
Adjust Focus Control

Adjust from Focus Control so that the pattern are as sharp as possible.


FOCUS / Adjust picture size
Adjust picture size

If the focus in corners is a major problem, readjust picture size.

See also: Convergence, Change image size and Change image position.


FOCUS / Use different colours
Use different colours

You can use more different colours to make a good contrast than contrast control, then it`s possible to use lower contrast-level and have better FOCUS, for example use blue and cyan.


FOCUS / Decrease Contrast
Decrease Contrast

Decreasing contrast will sharpen the image, by reducing the thickness of the beam.